Eminent Literary and Scientific Men of Italy, Spain, and Portugal- Vol. 3
Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley
THE
CABINET OF BIOGRAPHY.
CONDUCTED BY THE
REV. DIONYSIUS LARDNER, LL.D. F.R.S. L. & E.
M.R.I.A. F.R.A.S. F.L.S. F.Z.S. Hon. F.C.P.S. &c. &c.
ASSISTED BY
EMINENT LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC MEN.
EMINENT
LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC MEN
OF ITALY, SPAIN AND PORTUGAL.
VOL. III.
LONDON:
PRINTED FOR
LONGMAN, ORME, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS,
PATERNOSTER-ROW;
AND JOHN TAYLOR,
UPPER GOWER STREET.
1837.
CONTENTS
TABLE, ANALYTICAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL, TO THE FIRST VOLUME OF
LIVES OF EMINENT LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC MEN
OF ITALY, SPAIN, AND PORTUGAL.
TABLE, ANALYTICAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL, TO THE SECOND VOLUME OF
LIVES OF EMINENT LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC MEN
OF ITALY, SPAIN, AND PORTUGAL.
TABLE, ANALYTICAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL, TO THE THIRD VOLUME OF
LIVES OF EMINENT LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC MEN
OF ITALY, SPAIN, AND PORTUGAL.
INTRODUCTION
MOSEN JORDI
THE CANCIONEROS
ALPHONSO X. AND HIS COURT
ALPHONSO XI. AND HIS COURT
JUAN DE MENA
JUAN DE ENZINA
BOSCAN
GARCILASO DE LA VEGA
DIEGO HURTADO DE MENDOZA
LUIS DE LEON
HERRERA
SAA DE MIRANDA
JORGE DE MONTEMAYOR
CASTILLEJO
THE EARLY DRAMATISTS
ERCILLA
CERVANTES
LOPE DE VEGA
VICENTE ESPINEL—ESTEBAN DE VILLEGAS
GONGORA
QUEVEDO
CALDERON
EARLY POETS OF PORTUGAL
RIBEYRA
SAA DE MIRANDA
GIL VICENTE
FERREIRA
CAMOENS
INDEX
TABLE,
ANALYTICAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL,
TO THE FIRST VOLUME OF
LIVES OF
EMINENT LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC MEN
OF ITALY, SPAIN, AND PORTUGAL.
DANTE ALEGHIERI.
A. D.
PAGE
His Descent
1
His Birth
1265.
2
His Mother's Dream
3
Brunetto Latini
4
Story of his early Love for Beatrice
6
Her Death
1290.
7
"Vita Nuova"
7
Uncertain Traditions concerning the early Part of Dante's Life
9
His Marriage with Madonna Gemma
10
The Guelfs and Ghibelines
13
The Battle of Campaldino
1289.
14
Dante serves in the Cavalry
14
Extract from his Inferno, Canto XXII., giving an Account, of
this Conflict
this Conflict
15
He again takes the Field at the Siege of Caprona
15
Extract from the Inferno, Canto XXI.
15
He is chosen chief Prior of his native City
16
Origin of the Schism between the Bianchi and the Neri
17
The Cerchi and the Donati
18
Banishment of the principal Instigators of the Neri and the
Bianchi
Bianchi
19
Dante suspected of favouring the Bianchi Party
20
He vindicates himself
20
Entrance of Charles into Florence
20
The Recal of the Neri
20
Six Hundred of the Bianchi driven into Exile
21
Embassy of Dante to Rome
21
Boccaccio accuses him of Self-confidence and Disparagement of
others
others
21
Confiscation of Dante's Property
22
His Banishment
22
He joins the Confederates of the Bianchi at Arezzo
23
Their unfortunate Expedition against Florence
23
Pietro Petracco
23
Dante quits the Confederacy
23
His personal Humiliation
24
Extract from his "Purgatorio"
24
Henry of Luxembourg raised to the Throne of Germany
1308.
26
Dante professes himself a Ghibeline
26
Henry of Luxembourg poisoned
1313.
26
Dante dedicates his "De Monarchia"
26
He wanders from one petty Court to another
27
Busone da Gubbio affords him shelter at Arezzo
27
Anecdote of him while at Verona
28
Guido Novello da Polenta, Lord of Ravenna
29
Mental Sufferings of Dante
30
His Letter to a Friend who had obtained Leave for him to
return to his Country
return to his Country
31
Extracts from his "Paradiso"
32
His Residence at Ravenna
32
His Death
1321.
33
A Copy of his "Divina Commedia" embellished by Michael
Angelo
Angelo
34
Dante—his Tomb at Ravenna
35
Restoration of his Property to his Family
35
The "De Monarchia" publicly burnt at Rome, by Order of the
Pope
Pope
35
Description of Dante by Boccaccio
36
Musical Talents of Dante
37
Extract from his "Purgatorio"
37
His two Sons the first Commentators
39
Lyrics of Dante
41
Origin of the "Divina Commedia"
43
Observations on the Title of the "Divina Commedia"
44
Extracts from the "Inferno"
46
Strictures on it
51
And on the "Inferno"
53
PETRARCH.
His Progenitors
1302.
61
Banishment from Florence
61
Petrarch and his Mother return from Banishment
1305.
62
They remove to Pisa
1312.
62
They proceed to Avignon
62
They quit this for Carpentras, where Petrarch becomes
acquainted with Settimo
acquainted with Settimo
1315.
63
He enters the University of Montpelier
1319.
63
His Father destines him for the Law
63
His Aversion to it
64
He goes to Bologna
1323.
64
His Recal to France, on the Death of his Father; he
abandons the Law
abandons the Law
64
He resides with his Brother at Avignon; he becomes a
Favourite with the Nobles
Favourite with the Nobles
65
His Person
65
His Friendship for John of Florence
65
Giacomo Colonna; his illustrious Descent
66
His Friendship for Petrarch
67
Character of Petrarch
68
(April 6th.) His Acquaintance with Laura
1327.
68
His Devotion to her
70
His poetic Life commences
71
His Patriotism
72
Giacomo Colonna made Bishop of Lombes; Petrarch
accompanies him to his Bishoprick
accompanies him to his Bishoprick
1330.
72
His Friendship for Lello and Louis
72
He makes the Tour of France, Flanders, and Brabant
1331.
73
He meets with a Disappointment at Lyons
75
His Arrival at Rome
76
(August 6th.) He returns to Avignon
76
His Excursion to Mont Ventoux
76
His Letter to Father Dionisio Robertis
77
His Retirement to the Valley of Vaucluse
78
A Description of it
78
Version of one of Petrarch's Canzoni, by Lady Dacre
80
Criticisms on Petrarch's Italian Poetry
81
Philip de Cabassoles, Bishop of Cavaillon, becomes the Intimate
of Petrarch
of Petrarch
83
Letter of Petrarch to Giacomo Colonna
84
Petrarch receives Letters from Rome and Paris, inviting him
to accept the Crown of Poetry; he accepts the former
to accept the Crown of Poetry; he accepts the former
1340.
85
His Reception at the Court of King Robert of Naples
1341.
86
(April 17th.) His Coronation
86
He leaves Rome and arrives at Parma
87
He meets Azzo Correggio
87
Death of Giacomo Colonna
87
Early Death of Thomas of Messina
87
Petrarch's Grief for the Loss of these Friends
88
He and Rienzi sent on an Embassy to Rome, on the Accession
of Pope Clement VI.
of Pope Clement VI.
89
He meets Laura at Avignon
89
His Confidants
90
Death of Robert, King of Naples
1343.
91
He is succeeded by his Daughter Giovanna
91
Mission of Petrarch to Queen Giovanna
92
Nicola di Rienzi seizes upon the Government of Rome, and
assumes the Name of Tribune
assumes the Name of Tribune
1345.
92
Change produced by him in the State of the Country
92
Petrarch offered a Bishoprick, which he refuses
93
He leaves Avignon, and repairs to Parma
1347.
94
Downfal of Rienzi
94
The Plague in Italy
1348.
94
(January 25th.) An Earthquake
94
(April 6th.) Death of Laura
94
Petrarch's Account of it
94
He visits Rome on Occasion of the Jubilee
1350.
98
Assassination of Giacomo da Carrara, Lord of Padua
98
Restitution of Petrarch's paternal Property
1351.
99
Arrival of Petrarch at Avignon
100
His Letter to Pope Clement VI. on the Choice of a Physician
100
He revisits Vaucluse
100
Death of Pope Clement VI.
1352.
100
Petrarch visits the Carthusian Convent
101
His Treatise "On Solitary Life"
101
He crosses the Alps, and visits Milan
1353.
101
Is invited by Charles, Emperor of Germany, to visit Mantua
1354.
102
He exhorts Charles to deliver Italy
102
Petrarch at Milan
1355.
103
He is sent on two Missions—one to Venice, the other to Prague
103
Invasion of France by the English
1360.
103
Petrarch sent to congratulate King John on his Return from
Imprisonment
Imprisonment
103
He returns to Italy
104
His Letter to Settimo
104
Italy again visited by the Plague
1361.
105
Death of Petrarch's Son
105
Marriage of Francesco, Daughter of Petrarch
106
The Poetry of Dante and Petrarch compared
106
"The Triumph of Death"
107
Petrarch's Description of Laura's Death
107
Boccaccio, his Attachment for Petrarch
1363.
110
Leonzio Pilato's Death
110
Petrarch's Letter to Pope Urban V.
1367.
110
His Reply
110
Petrarch suffers from Fever
1369.
110
(January.) His Letter to a Friend who had asked him, "how
he was"
he was"
1372.
112
His Opinion of the Decameron of Boccaccio
1374.
113
His Death
114
His Will
114
BOCACCIO.
Origin of his Family
115
His Birth
1313.
116
He enters on the Study of the Canonical Law
1329.
117
His Dislike for this Study
1333.
117
He goes to Naples
117
He visits the Tomb of Virgil
1338.
118
A Description of it
118
Boccaccio—his Admiration of it
119
Another Circumstance occurs which confirms his Predilection
for Literature
for Literature
1341.
120
Commencement of his Attachment for Lady Mary
121
Some Account of her
121
Her Person
122
His first Book, "Filocopo"
123
The Story of it
123
His Style
124
His Recal to Florence on the Death of his Father
1342.
125
His "Ameto"
126
He returns to Naples
1344.
126
Death of King Robert
126
Queen Jane and her Court
126
"Filostrato," of Boccaccio
126
His "Amorosa Fiammetta" and "Amorosa Visione"
127
He writes "The Decameron"
1348.
127
The Preface
127
Description of the Plague in Florence
128
Critique on the "Decameron"
130
Burning of the "Decameron"
1497.
130
The "Ventisettana" and "Delphin" edition of the
"Decameron" published
"Decameron" published
1527.
130
Return of Boccaccio to Florence
1350.
131
His various Embassies
131
He visits Petrarch at Padua
1351.
132
He is sent to Bohemia to Louis of Bavaria
133
Again sent on a Mission to Avignon
1354.
133
His violent Party Feelings
133
His Letter to Petrarch
133
Petrarch's Answer
134
Boccaccio—his enthusiastic Love for the Study of the Ancients
135
His celebrated Copy of Dante
136
He visits Petrarch at Milan
137
Moral Change in him
137
A singular Circumstance occurs which achieves this moral Work
1361.
139
He communicates this Circumstance to Petrarch
140
Petrarch's Letter in Answer
140
Power and Influence of Acciajuolo, Seneschal of Naples
1363.
142
He invites Boccaccio to his Palace
142
His unworthy Treatment of Boccaccio
143
He removes from his Palace in consequence
143
He returns to Florence
143
His Residence at Certaldo
144
His Work, "De Casibus Virorum et Færainarum Illustrium"
145
His Embassy to Pope Urban V.
1355.
145
He projects a Visit to Venice
145
His Letter to Petrarch, whom he missed seeing
145
His Visit to Niccolo di Montefalcone, Abbot of the Carthusian
Monastery of San Stefano, in Calabria
Monastery of San Stefano, in Calabria
1370.
147
He visits Naples
1372.
147
He returns to his Retreat at Certaldo
1373.
147
His Work on "The Genealogy of the Gods"
147
The Professorship for the Public Explanation of the "Divina
Commedie" conferred on him
Commedie" conferred on him
148
Petrarch's Death
1374.
149
Grief of Boccaccio
149
(December 21st.) Death of Boccaccio
1375.
149
LORENZO DE' MEDICI.
Ficino, Pico Della Mirandola, Politian, the Pulci, &c.
151
Platonic Doctrines in Italy
1438.
151
Gemisthus Pletho
151
The Medicean Library founded by Cosmo
152
His Death
1464.
152
Lorenzo de' Medici succeeds to his Father's Wealth and Influence
152
The Pazzi Conspiracy
1478.
152
Pope Sixtus VI. leagues all Italy against Florence
1479.
152
Lorenzo de' Medici—his Firmness and Talents
1480.
152
He induces the King of Naples to conclude a Treaty with
Florence
Florence
153
A Yearly Anniversary of Plato's Death instituted
153
Lorenzo de' Medici—his Commentary on his first Sonnet
155
Extract of a Translation of one of his Sonnets
156
His "Nencia da Barbarino"
157
And another, "Canzoni Carnaleschi"
157
His descriptive Poems
158
His Death
1492.
159
MARSIGLIO FICINO.
His Birth
1433.
159
He is adopted by Lorenzo de' Medici
160
His "Platonic Institutions"
160
His "Treatise on the Origin of the World"
160
He assumes the Clerical Profession
1468.
160
He obtains the Cure of two Churches and Cathedral of Florence
1475.
160
(October 1st.) His Death
1499.
161
GIOVANNI PICO DELLA MIRANDOLA.
His Birth
1463.
161
His Parentage
161
He visits Rome
161
His 900 Propositions published
162
His Persecution and Death
1494.
162
ANGELO POLIZIANO.
(July 24th.) His Birth
1454.
162
In Florence, he attracts the Attention of Lorenzo de' Medici
163
He engages him as Tutor to his Children
164
He obtains the Professorship of Greek and Latin in the
University of Florence
University of Florence
165
His Letter to Jacopo Antiquario
1492.
165
Disasters which befell the Medici
166
Politian's Monody on Lorenzo
166
(September 24th.) Politian.—His Death
1494.
167
BERNARDO PULCI.
His Origin
167
His Works
167
LUCA FULCI.
His Works
167
LUIGI PULCI.
Author of the "Morgante Maggiore"
168
Critique on "Morgante Maggiore"
168
The Family of the Heroes of Romance
169
Extract from the "Morgante Maggiore"
171
The Subject of the Poem
172
CIECO DA FERRARA.
Author of "Mambriano"
1509.
179
BURCHIELLO.
His Death
1448.
180
BOJARDO.
Matteo Maria Bojardo; his Ancestors
181
His Birth
1434.
181
His Parents
181
His Education
181
He is sent out as one of the Noblemen to welcome Frederic III.
to Ferrara
to Ferrara
1469.
181
Borso, Marquess of Ferrara, created Duke
1471.
181
Bojardo accompanies him to Rome on his Investiture
181
Marriage of Bojardo to Taddea
1472.
182
Bojardo selected by the Duke of Ercole to escort his Wife to
Ferrara
Ferrara
1473.
182
He is made Governor of Reggio
1478.
182
His Death
1494.
182
His Lyrical Poetry
182
His Classical Works
182
An Extract from his "Orlando Innamorato"
183
BERNI.
Francesco Berni
188
His Birth
188
His early Life
188
The Vignaiuoli established at Rome by Oberto Strozzi
188
Rome plundered by the Colonna
1526.
188
(July 26th.) Death of Berni
1536.
189
Publication of his "Rifacimento"
189
Alterations made by Berni in "Orlando Innamorato"
192
His introductory Stanzas which he appended to each Canto
193
His Person and Disposition
193
An Extract as a Specimen of his Humour
194
Bernese Poetry
195
ARIOSTO.
(September 8th.) Ludovico Ariosto, his Birth
1474.
196
His Lineage
196
His early Studies
197
Latin the universal Language of Writers
198
The Transmutation and Transfusion of the dead Languages
into modern Tongues
into modern Tongues
199
Death of Ariosto's Father
199
His pecuniary Difficulties in consequence
199
His filial and paternal Affection
200
His Brothers Gabriele and Galasso
200
His Sisters
200
A Quotation from his second Satire, alluding to his Mother
201
His Bagatelles
202
He composes his "Orlando Furioso"
203
His Answer to Cardinal Bembo, who advises him to write it in
Latin
Latin
204
The Duke of Ferrara threatened with the Thunders of the
Vatican
Vatican
204
Ariosto sent as Ambassador to Rome on this Occasion
205
Julius II. enters into a League with the Venetians
205
The Papal Forces defeated at Ravenna
205
The Capture and Dispersion of the Republican Squadron on the
River Po
River Po
205
Ariosto, his gallant Conduct on this Occasion
205
His second Embassy to Rome
206
His uncourteous Reception by the Pontiff
206
Emperor Alfonso, his fruitless Negotiations with the implacable
Julius
Julius
207
And the perfidious Treatment he receives
207
The singular Manner in which he retaliates
207
The first Edition of the "Orlando Furioso"
1515.
207
Succeeding Reprints and Variations of it
208
The last Edition
1532.
208
Ariosto refuses to accompany Cardinal Hippolito to his Bishopric
208
Their consequent Estrangement
209
A Story of Hippolito, his natural Brother, and a Lady to whom
they both paid their Addresses; the infamous and unnatural
Conduct of the Cardinal
they both paid their Addresses; the infamous and unnatural
Conduct of the Cardinal
209
Independence of Ariosto
210
Ease, Freedom, and Independence necessary to the Life of a
Poet
Poet
210
Letter of Ariosto to his Brother Alessandro
212
Ariosto enters the Service of Duke Alfonso
217
Discomforts and Mortifications of his precarious Circumstances
218
His Reasons for not taking Orders
219
Pope Leo X. issues a Bull in favour of the "Orlando Furioso"
219
What Claims had Ariosto on the Bounty of Leo X.?
220
Extracts from his Satires
221
The Dignity and Ease he enjoys at the Court of Alfonso
226
His Government of Graffagnana
226
His Rencontre with some of his uncouth Neighbours
227
Baretti, his Version of this Anecdote
228
Extract from his Satires
229
He is invited to accept a third Embassy to Rome
230
His Answer to Bonaventura Pistolfo
230
His Release from his Government
232
He perfects his "Orlando;" his Dramatic Works
232
A curious Anecdote of him when a Child
232
Remarks on his Writings
234
Ariosto, his last Illness
1532.
234
Apocryphal Traditions of him
235
His Person
235
His Character
236
His Sons
237
His Elegies, Sonnets, and Madrigals
237
A Translation of one of his Sonnets
238
Difficulty of translating his Works
239
English Versions of his "Orlando Furioso"
239
His Recitation
240
Anecdote of him
240
His whimsical Peculiarities; his Habits
241
His Reveries
242
His last Hours
243
His Monument
244
Sketch of the Outline of the "Orlando Furioso"
245
Critical Remarks on it
247
A Sequel and Imitation of it
250
MACHIAVELLI.
Origin of his Family
850.
256
(February 3d.) His Birth
1469.
257
His Parentage
257
Nothing known of his Childhood and Education
257
Paul Jovius
257
Machiavelli Secretary under Marcellus Virgil
1494.
257
Florence agitated by the Prophet Salvanorola
1497.
258
Marcellus Virgil elected High Chancellor
258
Machiavelli made Chancellor of the Second Court
1498.
258
Is Secretary of the Council of Ten
259
His Missions to various Sovereigns and States
259
Italy convulsed by foreign Armies and domestic Quarrels
1492.
259
Ludovico Sforza invites Charles VIII. of France into Italy,
instigating him to assert his Right to the Neapolitan Crown
instigating him to assert his Right to the Neapolitan Crown
260
Entrance of the French into Italy; causes great Commotion in
Florence; the Overthrow and Exile of the Medicean Family
Florence; the Overthrow and Exile of the Medicean Family
1493.
260
Italy overrun by Charles
260
The Italian System of Warfare
260
Death of Charles VIII.
1498.
261
Louis XII. succeeds him; his speedy Conquest of Milan
261
Pisa, under the Rule of Florence, repines at its Servitude; they
implore Charles to restore their Independence
implore Charles to restore their Independence
1501.
261
Pisa besieged by the Florentines
1500.
262
Machiavelli and Francesco della Caza employed by the Republic
as Envoys to the French Court; curious Style of their Instructions
as Envoys to the French Court; curious Style of their Instructions
262
They fail in their Object, and return to Italy
263
Machiavelli, his Mission to Cæsar Borgia
263
Roderigo Borgia chosen Pope; he assumes the Name of
Alexander VI.
Alexander VI.
264
His Character
264
Cæsar Borgia raised to the Rank of Cardinal; his Dislike to the
Church
Church
264
His Jealousy of his Brother, the Duke of Candia, whom he
causes to be waylaid and murdered
causes to be waylaid and murdered
264
He abdicates the Cardinal's Hat, and obtains the Duchy of
Valence in France
Valence in France
265
He determines to form the Principality in Italy
265
His Encroachments supported by an Alliance with Louis XII.
265
His Attack on Bologna
266
Revolt of his chief Condottieri
266
Conspiracy of Magione
267
Arrival of Machiavelli at Imola
1502.
268
His Interview with Caesar Borgia
268
His Opinion of him
268
Cæsar Borgia, his Method of defending himself
269
His Policy
269
Paolo Orsino, his Arrival at Imola
269
Machiavelli, his Letter to the Signoria of Florence
269
His Conversation with Cæsar Borgia
270
His Admiration of Borgia's Talents
271
Machiavelli solicits to be recalled
271
Treaty between Caesar Borgia and the Confederates
271
Letter of Machiavelli on this Subject
272
Borgia leaves Imola
273
Machiavelli follows the Court to Cesena
273
His Letter
273
He again writes from Cesena
274
The Confederates sent to Sinigaglia
275
Arrival of Borgia at Sinigaglia
275
He causes the Orsini and Vitellozzo to be taken Prisoners
275
Machiavelli, his Account of this Transaction
275
His Letter
275
Treacherous and cruel Revenge of Borgia on the Confederates
276
(January 8th.) Machiavelli, his Letter to the Republic
277
His Recal to Florence
1503.
278
His Description of the Method used by the Valentian Duke in
putting to death Vitellozzo Vitelli
putting to death Vitellozzo Vitelli
278
The "Decenal"
278
An Anecdote of Cæsar Borgia
279
Narrow Escape of Cæsar Borgia at Rome, it is supposed from
Poison
Poison
280
(August 28th.) Sudden Death of his Father, Pope Alexander
281
Accession of Pope Pius III.
281
Fall of the Fortunes of Cæsar Borgia
281
Machiavelli's Embassy to Rome to influence the Consultations
concerning the future Destination of Cæsar Borgia
concerning the future Destination of Cæsar Borgia
281
Julius II.
281
Borgia sent to Romagna in the Name of the Holy See
282
Cardinal Volterra sent after him with a Requisition; Borgia
refuses to comply; he is arrested in consequence, and sent on
board a French Galley
refuses to comply; he is arrested in consequence, and sent on
board a French Galley
283
He is brought back to the Vatican; he is liberated
283
He goes to Naples
283
He forms new Schemes, is again arrested, and confined in the
Fortress of Medina del Campo
Fortress of Medina del Campo
284
His Escape and Death
1506.
284
Machiavelli leaves Rome, and goes to France
1504.
284
Peace between France and Spain
284
Formation of a native Militia in Florence
1506.
285
Pope Julius II., his Projects
285
The Florentines delegate Machiavelli to the Court Militant at
Rome; his Letters
Rome; his Letters
285
Francesco Vettori treats with the Emperor Maximilian at
Trent
Trent
1507.
286
Machiavelli sent with the Ultimatum of the Florentines to
Trent
Trent
1508.
286
On his Return, writes his "Account of Germany"
286
Pisa besieged by the Florentines
1509.
286
Machiavelli sent to assist them
286
Enmity between Louis XII. and the Pope
287
Machiavelli, his Mission to Louis; his Letters
1510.
287
His Audience with the King at Blois
288
Pietro Soderini elected Doge of Florence
1511.
288
Louis determines to dethrone him; Florence offers him Pisa
for it
for it
288
Terrified by the Menaces of the Pope, they send Machiavelli to
recal this Offer
recal this Offer
288
Disastrous War, the Consequence
289
Diet of Mantua
1512.
289
Overthrow of the existing Government of Florence
289
Restoration of the Medici
289
Machiavelli deprived of his Place
291
Conspiracy against the Medici
291
Machiavelli supposed to be implicated; is thrown into Prison
in consequence
in consequence
291
He is included in an Amnesty of the new Pope, Leo X.
291
His Letter to Francesco Vettori; his Liberation
1513.
291
Letter of Vettori to Machiavelli
292
His Letter in Reply
292
Vettori, his Endeavours in behalf of Machiavelli
293
Machiavelli, his Letter to Vittori
294
Analysis of his Work, called the "Prince"
297
Machiavelian Policy
300
His Essays on the first "Decade of Livy"
304
His "Art of War"
304
His "Belfegor"
304
His Comedies
304
His Letter to Vettori
1514.
305
Address of Pope Leo X. to Machiavelli; his Advice
1519.
306
Machiavelli, his Reply
306
His "Essay on the Reform of the Government of Florence"
306
Machiavelli Ambassador to the Minor Friars at Carpi
1521.
306
Letter of Francesco Guicciardini on his Appointment;
Machiavelli, his Reply
Machiavelli, his Reply
307
Cardinal Julius commissions him to write the History of
Florence
Florence
1524.
307
Cardinal Julius becomes Pope Clement VII.; he makes
Machiavelli his Historiographer
Machiavelli his Historiographer
1526.
308
Deplorable State of Italy
308
Constable Bourbon at Milan
308
Machiavelli sent by the Pope to inspect the Fortifications at
Florence
Florence
309
Arrival of Bourbon at Bologna
1527.
309
A Truce concluded between Clement VII. and Charles V.
310
(6th of May.) Sack of Rome
310
Machiavelli assists the Italians in relieving the Pope, who is
besieged in the Castel Sant' Angelo
besieged in the Castel Sant' Angelo
310
He returns to Florence
310
His Death
311
His Wife and Children
311
His Person and Character
311
Complete Edition of his Works published
1782.
312
His Descendants
312
TABLE,
ANALYTICAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL,
TO THE SECOND VOLUME OF
LIVES OF
EMINENT LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC MEN
OF ITALY, SPAIN, AND PORTUGAL.
GALILEO.
A. D.
PAGE
(15th of February.) His Birth
1564.
1
His Ancestors
2
His early Years
3
A Scholar of Arts at the University of Pisa
1581.
3
Studies Medicine under Andrew Cæsalpinus
3
His Work on the Hydrostatical Balance
4
Guido Ubaldi engages him to investigate the Centre of Gravity
of solid Bodies
of solid Bodies
4
Appointed Lecturer of Mathematics at the University of Pisa
4
Giordano Bruno burnt
1600.
4
Galileo attacks by Argument and Experiment the Aristotelian
Laws of Gravity
Laws of Gravity
5
Opposition of the Aristotelians to his Discoveries
6
A Method of clearing out the Harbour of Leghorn proposed
by Don Giovanni de' Medici
by Don Giovanni de' Medici
6
Galileo opposes this Opinion; is persecuted in consequence
6
He obtains the Professorship of Mathematics at the University
of Padua
of Padua
1592.
6
Account of his Conversion to the Copernican System
1593.
7
He meets with an Accident
9
He completes his first Engagement at Padua
9
Is re-elected other six Years
1598.
9
Accusation brought against him with respect to Marina Gamba
10
A new Star excites the Attention of Galileo
1604.
10
Again re-elected to the Professorship of Padua
1606.
10
His increasing Popularity
10
His Examination of the Properties of the Loadstone
10
Doctor Gilbert's Work, the "De Magnete," published
1500.
11
His Death
1603.
11
Cosmo proposes to Galileo to return to Pisa
11
The Arrangements suggested by Galileo, and the Manner of
urging them
urging them
12
Dutch Telescopes
13
Galileo constructs his first Telescope
13
Interest which the Telescope excited in Venice
14
The Art of cleaning and polishing Lenses very imperfect
15
Results of the Observations of Galileo on the Moon
16
His Examination of the fixed Stars
16
The Satellites of Jupiter discovered by Galileo
1610.
18
Galileo's Work, the "Sidereal Messenger," published
18
Reception which these Discoveries met with from Kepler
19
Horky; his Work against the Discoveries of Galileo
20
Simon Mayer
21
Discovery of new Satellites
21
First Enigma of Galileo published
23
His Observations on Saturn and Venus
23
His Reception at Rome; he erects his Telescope in the Quirinal
Garden
Garden
1611.
24
(March.) He discovers the Solar Spots
24
Thomas Harriot discovers the Solar Spots (in December)
1610.
25
Professor Scheiner; his Letters on the Subject of the Solar
Spots
Spots
26
These Letters answered by Galileo
26
Faculæ or Luculi discovered on the Sun's Disc, by Galileo
26
His Observations on Saturn
27
The Subject of floating Bridges discussed
28
Galileo "On Floating Bodies"
28
His Letter to the Abbé Castelli
1613.
31
Caccini attacks Galileo from the Pulpit
31
Luigi Maraffi apologises to Galileo for this Conduct
31
Galileo, his Letter to the Grand Duchess Christian
31
(26th of February.) Galileo appears before the Inquisition
1615.
31
He renounces his Opinions
33
The Copernican System condemned by the Inquisition
34
Interview of Galileo with Pope Paul V.
1616.
34
Letter of Querenghi to the Cardinal D'Este
34
Negotiations of Galileo with Spain
35
Three Comets appear
1618.
36
Discourse on Comets by Marco Guiducci
1619.
36
"The Astronomical and Philosophical Balance"
37
Galileo, his Work "Il Saggiatore"
1623.
37
Accession of Cardinal Barberini to the papal Throne
37
Galileo, his Visit to Pope Urban VIII.
1624.
38
His Reception
38
Death of Cosmo
1629.
39
Pecuniary Difficulties of Galileo
39
Work of Galileo demonstrating the Copernican System
1630.
41
"The System of the World of Galileo Galilei"
1632.
42
Influence of this Work on the public Mind
43
Galileo summoned to appear before the Inquisition
44
(14th of February.) He arrives at Rome
1633.
45
Is visited by Cardinal Barberini; his Kindness to him
46
Trial of Galileo
47
(22d of June.) His Sentence
48
His Abjuration
49
What Excuse is there for his Humiliation and Abjuration?
50
Imprisonment of Galileo
52
He leaves Rome
52
He returns to Arcetri
52
Death of his Daughter
53
His Indisposition and Melancholy
53
He obtains Permission of the Pope to return to Florence
1638.
53
Continued Kindness of the Grand Duke of Tuscany for him
54
His "Dialogues on Local Motion"
54
Discovery of the Moon's Libration
55
Blindness of Galileo
1637.
56
He is visited by a Number of Strangers
58
(8th of January.) His Death
1642.
58
His Epitaph and Monument
95
His House
60
His domestic Character
60
His Person
60
His scientific Character
61
GUICCIARDINI.
(6th of March.) His Birth
1482.
63
His Parentage
63
His Education
64
He obtains the Degree of Doctor of Laws
64
His Marriage
64
Sent as Ambassador, by the Republic, to Ferdinand King
Aragon
Aragon
65
He returns home
65
Leo X. visits Florence
65
Guicciardini sent to receive him at Cortona
65
He makes him Governor of Reggio and Modena
66
Death of Leo
66
Guicciardini, his memorable Defence of Parma
66
Made President of Romagna
67
His Administration
67
Made Lieutenant-general of the Pontifical Army
67
The Power of the Medici becomes odious in Florence
67
Dangers to which Clement VII. is exposed
67
The Palace of Government seized by the younger Nobility
67
Frederigo da Bozzole sent to treat for it
68
Guicciardini, his Zeal in the Cause of the Medici
69
Reconciliation between Charles V. and Pope Clement VII.
69
Their united Arms turned against Florence
69
Second Restoration of the Medici
70
Overthrow of the Liberties of Florence
70
The Office of Gonfaloniere established
70
Alessandro de' Medici named Duke
70
His disgraceful Birth
70
His Vices
71
Guicciardini resigns the Government of Romagna
71
Murder of the Duke Alexander by Lorenzino de' Medici
72
Cosmo raised to the supreme Power
72
Guicciardini retires to his Country Seat at Montici
72
(27th of May.) His Death
1540.
74
VITTORIA COLONNA.
Women who aspired to literary Fame in Italy
75
Cassandra Fidele born; Politian's Letter to her
1465.
76
Vittoria Colonna, her Parentage
1490.
77
Her Marriage with the Marquess of Pescara
77
Pescara made General of the Army at Ravenna
77
His Testimony of Affection to his Wife
77
Her Answer
78
Death of Pescara
78
Vittoria Colonna, her Grief in consequence
79
Her Poetry
80
Her Friendship for Cardinal Pole and Michael Angelo
81
Her Death
1547.
81